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  <Article>
    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>ijesm</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>International Journal of Engineering, Science and</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>volume 15,issue 6</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>June 2026</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>06</Month>
        <Day>21</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Engineering, Science and Mathematics</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Stability Evaluation of Interval-Valued Infectious Disease Models Employing Fourier and Laplace Transforms</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>47</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>64</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>MITHUN</FirstName>
          <LastName>KUMAR</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
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      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>The comprehension and regulation of the transmission of diseases within populations are contingent upon the stability analysis of interval-valued infectious disease models. Interval-valued models are particularly beneficial in capturing the inherent uncertainties and variations in disease parameters, thereby providing a more robust framework for analyzing infectious disease dynamics. Fourier and Laplace transforms are employed to determine the conditions for the stability of equilibrium points in interval-valued infectious disease models. The Fourier transform is employed to analyze the frequency domain characteristics of the model, thereby facilitating the identification of potential oscillatory behavior and stability issues. In the interim, the Laplace transform is implemented to evaluate the stability of the time-domain by transforming differential equations into algebraic equations, thereby streamlining the stability analysis process. The findings suggest that the stability of interval-valued infectious disease models is substantially impacted by the interaction between parameter intervals and various disease compartments. Explicit stability criteria are developed and their implications for disease control strategies are assessed. Both transforms are effective instruments for assessing stability.</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords>Interval-Valued Models, Infectious Disease Dynamics, Stability Analysis, Fourier Transform, Laplace Transform, Parameter Uncertainty</Keywords>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://ijesm.co.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=16287&amp;title=Stability Evaluation of Interval-Valued Infectious Disease Models Employing Fourier and Laplace Transforms</Abstract>
      </URLs>
      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
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