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    <Journal>
      <PublisherName>ijesm</PublisherName>
      <JournalTitle>International Journal of Engineering, Science and</JournalTitle>
      <PISSN>I</PISSN>
      <EISSN>S</EISSN>
      <Volume-Issue>volume 15,issue 1</Volume-Issue>
      <PartNumber/>
      <IssueTopic>Multidisciplinary</IssueTopic>
      <IssueLanguage>English</IssueLanguage>
      <Season>January 2026</Season>
      <SpecialIssue>N</SpecialIssue>
      <SupplementaryIssue>N</SupplementaryIssue>
      <IssueOA>Y</IssueOA>
      <PubDate>
        <Year>2026</Year>
        <Month>01</Month>
        <Day>25</Day>
      </PubDate>
      <ArticleType>Engineering, Science and Mathematics</ArticleType>
      <ArticleTitle>Recent advances in graph theory and it__ampersandsign#39;s applications</ArticleTitle>
      <SubTitle/>
      <ArticleLanguage>English</ArticleLanguage>
      <ArticleOA>Y</ArticleOA>
      <FirstPage>43</FirstPage>
      <LastPage>50</LastPage>
      <AuthorList>
        <Author>
          <FirstName>Om Sharan Research</FirstName>
          <LastName>Scholar</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>N</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
          <FirstName>Dr Arun Kumar Shukla</FirstName>
          <LastName>Guide</LastName>
          <AuthorLanguage>English</AuthorLanguage>
          <Affiliation/>
          <CorrespondingAuthor>Y</CorrespondingAuthor>
          <ORCID/>
        </Author>
      </AuthorList>
      <DOI/>
      <Abstract>Graph theory, a branch of mathematics focusing on the study of graphs, has become an indispensable tool in cybersecurity, particularly in enhancing Intrusion Detection Systems (IDS). Given the increasing complexity of modern networks and the sophistication of cyberattacks, graph theory provides a powerful framework for representing networks, identifying attack paths, and detecting anomalous behaviors. This paper explores the mathematical foundations of graph theory and its applications in IDS, focusing on the role of graph structures in modeling network traffic,</Abstract>
      <AbstractLanguage>English</AbstractLanguage>
      <Keywords/>
      <URLs>
        <Abstract>https://ijesm.co.in/ubijournal-v1copy/journals/abstract.php?article_id=16125&amp;title=Recent advances in graph theory and it__ampersandsign#39;s applications</Abstract>
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      <References>
        <ReferencesarticleTitle>References</ReferencesarticleTitle>
        <ReferencesfirstPage>16</ReferencesfirstPage>
        <ReferenceslastPage>19</ReferenceslastPage>
        <References/>
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